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Classification of Road & Types of Road Pattern 1.4
Classification of Road: Road are classified as follows 1.On the basic of duration of theirs use All Weather Road Paved and Non
Development of Roads In India: Mr. Jayakar Committee: Government of India passed the resolution in 1927 for appointment of a committee to
Development of Road Roman Road. Tesaguet Construction. Telford Construction. Mecadom Construction. Roman Road Firstly Roman started construction of roads in large scale
In Introduction Of Transportation We Talking About Role of Transportation, Different Modes of Transportation, Highway, Express highway, Characteristics of Road Transport, Importance
Difference Between Organic and Inorganic Soils | Properties of Soil | Soil Mechanics
Liquid limit of inorganic soil not of volcanic organic rarely has a value greater 100 %. Organic soil has a generally high value of liquid limit (liquid limit>50%) but their plastic limit is also comparatively high, hence their plastic index values are not as high as its liquid limit.
The soil which shows a large decrease in its volume due to an increase in its water content without any increase in external pressure or load is termed as collapsible soil. Ex- Loess soil, Sand Dunes, Fine sand & Silt silty cemented due to the presence of calcium. And the properties of collapsible soil is called collapsibility.
Sensitivity is defined as the ratio of Unconfined Compressive Strength in an undisturbed natural state to Unconfined Compressive Strength of soil in the remolded state.
Consistency Index, Liquidity Index & Toughness Index | Properties of Soil | Soil Mechanics
Consistency Index is defined as the ration of the difference of liquid limit and natural water content to the plasticity index. Toughness Index is a ratio of IP & IF.
Shrinkage Index, Shrinkage Ratio, Volumetric shrinkage, Linear Shrinkage, Plasticity Index | Properties of Soil | Soil Mechanics
Shrinkage Index is the range of consistency in which soil is in a semi-solid state of consistency. It is defined as numerical difference of plastic limit & shrinkage limit.
Shrinkage Limits is defined as maximum water content at which reduction in the water content of soil does not lead to reduction in the volume of soil.
Plastic Limits is defined as the minimum water content at which soil is in the plastic stage of consistency or behaves like a plastic material. At plastic limit soil passes plastic state of consistency to a semi-solid state of consistency & visa-versa.
Liquid Limits are defined as the minimum water content at which soil has a tendency to flow. At liquid limit soil passes liquid state of consistency to plastic state of consistency & visa-versa.
Consistency of Soil is the relative ease with which soil can be deformed. It is used generally for fined-grained soil-related large water content.
The result of the particle size distribution analysis is reported in the form of a curve termed as particle size distribution curve. in which % finer is expressed on Y- axis &size of particle is expressed on X- axis on log scale. This curve helps in analysis the type of soil & gradation of soil.
Particle Size Distribution | Properties of Soil | Soil Mechanics
Particle size distribution analysis or mechanical analysis is carried out in two systems: Sieve Analysis, Sedimentation Analysis. In Coarse Grained Soil : we study Gravel & Sand and In Fine Grained Soil: we study Silt & Clay.
Test of unit weight of soil can be determined using the following methods: Water Displacement Method, Submerged Mass Density Method, Core Cutter Method, Sand Replacement Method.
Test of specific gravity can be computed using 50 ml density bottle,500ml flask or pycnometer. Density bottle method is accurate & suitable for all soil.
Interrelationship Between the Properties of Soil | Properties of Soil | Soil Mechanics
Interrelationship Between Voids ratio (e), Water Content (w), Specific Gravity (G), Degree of Saturation(s), Dry Unit Weight ,Unit Weight of Water, etc
Relative compaction is defined as the ratio of the dry unit weight of soil in the natural state to the dry unit weight of soil in the densest state. it can applied for both cohesionless &cohesive soil.
It is defined as the ratio of the difference between the void ratio of soil in the loosest state & natural state to the difference in the void ratio of soil in the loosest state & densest state.
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Interrelationship Between the Properties of Soil | Properties of Soil | Soil Mechanics
Interrelationship Between Voids ratio (e), Water Content (w), Specific Gravity (G), Degree of Saturation(s), Dry Unit Weight ,Unit Weight of Water, etc
Particle Size Distribution | Properties of Soil | Soil Mechanics
Particle size distribution analysis or mechanical analysis is carried out in two systems: Sieve Analysis, Sedimentation Analysis. In Coarse Grained Soil : we study Gravel & Sand and In Fine Grained Soil: we study Silt & Clay.
Void Ratio is defined as the ratio of the volume of voids (Vv) to the volume of solids(Vs) present in a given soil mass. It is represented as 'e'. Porosity (η): It is defined as the ratio of the volume of voids(Vv) to the volume of soil (V) present in the given soil mass. It is represented as 'η'.
Triangulation (Classification of Triangulation,Triangulation Layout, Well Condition Triangle, Trilateration)
In this triangulation chapter, we detailed discuss about classification of triangulation, triangulation layout, well condition triangle, trilateration, system of framework, objective of triangulation, ETC.
Compass is a survey instrument used for the measurement of horizontal angles and the bearing of a line of sight.Surveyor Compass and Prismatic Compass are discussed in detailed.
Tacheometry (Tacheometer, Stadia Rod, Theory of Tacheometer, Distance and Elevation Through Tacheometer, Etc)
In tacheometry we details discuss about tacheometry, instrument used in tacheometry, tacheometer, stadia rod, stadia system, fixed hair system, movable hair system, tangential system, subtense bar system, theory of tacheometer, distance and elevation through tacheometer when a staff is vertical & staff is perpendicular to line of sight.