Development of Roads In India: Mr. Jayakar Committee:

Government of India passed the resolution in 1927 for appointment of a committee to examine the situation and development of roads in India under the leadership of Mr. Jayakar.

1.The road development in country should be subject of national interest.

2.An  extra tax should be levied on Petrol from the user for development of road and would be termed as CENTRAL ROAD FUND.

3.A semi official technical body should be formed to give technical knowledge for developed of road.

1. A research organisation should be instituted to carryout research and developed new techniques of ROAD DEVELOPMENT.
2. As per recommendation of Jayakar Committee CENTRAL ROAD FUND (CRF) was established in 1929.
3. At the approval of government and semi-official technique body was established in 1934 termed as IRC ( India Road Congress).
4. In 1939 Motor vehicle act was brought in place to frame the law and ordinates relatively to traffic [it governs driver, vehicle, operation].
5. A conference of chief engineers of all state was called by JRC for collective development of road in India in 1943 (1st 20-years plan 1943-1963, but it was completed in 1961 only termed as “Nagpur Road Plane“.
6. In Nagpur Road plan target of 60 km / 100km² of country for development of road wants to be achieved.
7. In 1950 Central Road research Institute (CRRI) was established for carrying out research of rod technology.
8. In 1956 National Highway Act (NHAI) was passed for following Purpose.
   1. To declare certain selected Highway as national highway.
   2. To enter into any land to carry out a surveys.
   3. To acquire land and take possession for development of highway.
9. Due to earlier completing first 20 year plan in 1961 second 20 year plan was in initiated in 1961 to 1981 for a Bombay termed as “Bombay Road Plane“.
10. In Bombay Road Plan  developments 32 km of road length per 100km² of area.
11. In 1973, HRB {highway research board} & India Road Congress {IRC} was set up to give direction and guidelines for research activity in India.
12. In 1981 third of 20-year-old development plan was introduced. (1981 to 2001) and Lucknow 80 km of road length / 100 km² of area.
13. In 1988 NHAI Act was passed.
14. In 2000 PMGSY was launched by India government to increase the connectivity of village.
15. Fourth 20 years Road development plan should have been introduced in 2001 but an the instance of a government JRC preferred rod development plan vision 2021 and 2025.

Comparison Between Various Road Development Plan

Note: Length of Road as Per 3rd 20 Years Road Plan:

1.Total length of road = {4.74 × No of towns and villages} or {Road density ×Area}, whichever is maximum.

2.National Highway and State Highway

• Length of NH in km= {Total area of state(km²)÷50}.
• Length of SH in km= {Total area of state(km²)÷25} or {62.5× no of towns in state – Length of NH},whichever is maximum.

3.Length of Major District Road (km)

• {Total area of state(km²)÷12.5} or {90× no of towns in state},whichever is maximum.

Introduction & Highway Development and Planning

• Introduction of Transportation.
• Development of Road.
• Development of Roads In India.
• Classification of Road & Types of Road Pattern.
• Engineering Surveys For Highway Alignment & Maximum Saturation System / Utility Factor System.