Civil Engineering
Civil engineering is the branch of engineering that focuses on the design, construction, and maintenance of various infrastructure projects such as dams, bridges, aqueducts, canals, highways, power plants, sewerage systems, and more. Civil engineers play a crucial role in ensuring that these infrastructures meet safety standards, are sustainable, and effectively serve the needs of society.
Some key areas within civil engineering include:
- Structural Engineering
- Transportation Engineering
- Geotechnical Engineering
- Environmental Engineering
- Water Resources Engineering
- Geomatics Engineering
Structural Engineering
- Engineering Mechanics
- Building Materials
- Solid Mechanics
- Structural Analysis
- Concrete Structures
- Steel Structures
- Construction Technology & Management
Transportation Engineering
Transportation engineers focus on the planning, design, construction, and maintenance of transportation systems, including roads, highways, railways, airports, and ports. In transportation engineering, various subjects are studied, including:
- Highway
- Railways
- Airports
Geotechnical Engineering
Geotechnical engineering is the study of soil and rock behavior to assess their suitability for construction projects and reduce risks associated with foundation stability, slope stability, and groundwater flow. Though several subjects are studied in geotechnical engineering, we focus on two main subjects:
- Soil Mechanics
- Foundation Engineering
Environmental Engineering
- Water Supply Engineering
- Waste Water Engineering
- Solid Waste Management
- Air Pollution And Noise pollution
Water Resources Engineering
- Fluid Mechanics
- Open Channel Flow
- Hydraulics & Hydraulic Machines
- Hydrology
- Irrigation
Geomatics Engineering
- Surveying
- Geology
- Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Important Notice: When we created this site, we thought that we will provide all the subjects of civil engineering by writing articles, but while doing this work, I had to face many difficulties, one of which was financial problem and second, it was very difficult to do this work. It was time consuming so we left this work midway but now we have decided that the amount of work that has been done is good enough and apart from this we will provide the notes of all the subjects in PDF format.
List of subjects we have completed is as follows:
- Open Channel Flow – Click Here
- Surveying – Click Here
- Highway Engineering – Click Here
- Soil Mechanics – Click Here
Only two subjects have been completed completely: Open Channel Flow and Surveying. “Highway Engineering has five chapters. We have completed four chapters.” Only one chapter of the “Soil Mechanics” is completed. For more information click the subject name.
Pavement is a load-bearing & load-distributing component of a road. We need to consider all types of vehicles for the geometrical design, but only vehicles with significant heavy loads are considered for pavement design. These vehicles are generally commercial vehicles. As per IRC, vehicles having a gross load greater than 3 tons are called commercial vehicles.
Unsteady flow also called 'Transient Flow', occurs in the open channel when the discharge or depth or both vary with respect to time at a given section.
In Rapidly Varied Flow (R.V.F), a sudden change of depth occurs at a particular point of a channel and the change from one depth to another takes place at a distance of very short length.
The gradually varied flow (GVF) is defined as steady non- uniform flow, where the depth of flow varies gradually from section to section along the length of channel. (A steady non-uniform flow in a prismatic channel with gradual changes in its water surface elevation is termed as gradually varied flow (GVF).
Energy depth relationship is the third chapter of the open channel flow. Detailed discussion about specific energy, critical depth, relationship between specific energy and depth of flow, section factor z, relation between discharge & depth of flow, channel transition.
A flow in an open channel is said to be uniform if its properties remain constant with respect to space. Detailed discussion about Uniform Flow.
Open channel flow refers to the flow of liquid in channel open to atmosphere or in partially filled conduit (Pipe). Example- River, Flood, Rivulets, Torrent, Sewers carrying sewage, Rode side Gutter. Detailed discuss about OCF.
The basic objective of traffic engineering is to achieve free & rapid flow of traffic with least no of accidents. For this various studies are carried out. These studies are divided into- Traffic Characteristics, Traffic Studies and Analysis, Traffic Control Regulation.