Civil Engineering
Civil engineering is the branch of engineering that focuses on the design, construction, and maintenance of various infrastructure projects such as dams, bridges, aqueducts, canals, highways, power plants, sewerage systems, and more. Civil engineers play a crucial role in ensuring that these infrastructures meet safety standards, are sustainable, and effectively serve the needs of society.
Some key areas within civil engineering include:
- Structural Engineering
- Transportation Engineering
- Geotechnical Engineering
- Environmental Engineering
- Water Resources Engineering
- Geomatics Engineering
Structural Engineering
- Engineering Mechanics
- Building Materials
- Solid Mechanics
- Structural Analysis
- Concrete Structures
- Steel Structures
- Construction Technology & Management
Transportation Engineering
Transportation engineers focus on the planning, design, construction, and maintenance of transportation systems, including roads, highways, railways, airports, and ports. In transportation engineering, various subjects are studied, including:
- Highway
- Railways
- Airports
Geotechnical Engineering
Geotechnical engineering is the study of soil and rock behavior to assess their suitability for construction projects and reduce risks associated with foundation stability, slope stability, and groundwater flow. Though several subjects are studied in geotechnical engineering, we focus on two main subjects:
- Soil Mechanics
- Foundation Engineering
Environmental Engineering
- Water Supply Engineering
- Waste Water Engineering
- Solid Waste Management
- Air Pollution And Noise pollution
Water Resources Engineering
- Fluid Mechanics
- Open Channel Flow
- Hydraulics & Hydraulic Machines
- Hydrology
- Irrigation
Geomatics Engineering
- Surveying
- Geology
- Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Important Notice: When we created this site, we thought that we will provide all the subjects of civil engineering by writing articles, but while doing this work, I had to face many difficulties, one of which was financial problem and second, it was very difficult to do this work. It was time consuming so we left this work midway but now we have decided that the amount of work that has been done is good enough and apart from this we will provide the notes of all the subjects in PDF format.
List of subjects we have completed is as follows:
- Open Channel Flow – Click Here
- Surveying – Click Here
- Highway Engineering – Click Here
- Soil Mechanics – Click Here
Only two subjects have been completed completely: Open Channel Flow and Surveying. “Highway Engineering has five chapters. We have completed four chapters.” Only one chapter of the “Soil Mechanics” is completed. For more information click the subject name.
To Download Civil Engineering Handwritten Notes Of Jaspal Sir: Click Here
Geometric Design of Highway Geometric Design of a highway deals with all the dimensions and layout of visual features of a highway
The process of conveyance from one point to another is termed transportation. In this article, we elaborate on the first chapter of Highway Engineering in detail.
Liquid limit of inorganic soil not of volcanic organic rarely has a value greater 100 %. Organic soil has a generally high value of liquid limit (liquid limit>50%) but their plastic limit is also comparatively high, hence their plastic index values are not as high as its liquid limit.
The soil which shows a large decrease in its volume due to an increase in its water content without any increase in external pressure or load is termed as collapsible soil. Ex- Loess soil, Sand Dunes, Fine sand & Silt silty cemented due to the presence of calcium. And the properties of collapsible soil is called collapsibility.
Sensitivity is defined as the ratio of Unconfined Compressive Strength in an undisturbed natural state to Unconfined Compressive Strength of soil in the remolded state.
Consistency Index is defined as the ration of the difference of liquid limit and natural water content to the plasticity index. Toughness Index is a ratio of IP & IF.
Shrinkage Index is the range of consistency in which soil is in a semi-solid state of consistency. It is defined as numerical difference of plastic limit & shrinkage limit.
Shrinkage Limits is defined as maximum water content at which reduction in the water content of soil does not lead to reduction in the volume of soil.
Plastic Limits is defined as the minimum water content at which soil is in the plastic stage of consistency or behaves like a plastic material. At plastic limit soil passes plastic state of consistency to a semi-solid state of consistency & visa-versa.
Liquid Limits are defined as the minimum water content at which soil has a tendency to flow. At liquid limit soil passes liquid state of consistency to plastic state of consistency & visa-versa.