Parts of the Indian Constitution- Introduction
The Constituent Assembly adopted the Indian Constitution on 26th November 1949, and it came into effect on 26th January 1950. The Constitution of India has borrowed most of its provisions from various constitutions of the countries as well as from the Government of India Act of 1935. The structural part of the Constitution is to a large extent and derived from the Government of India Act of 1935. The political part of the Constitution is derived from the British Constitution. The philosophical part of the Constitution is derived from the Irish and American Constitution respectively. In the countries, the Indian Constitution is the longest written constitution of the world. The Indian Constitution, originally, had 395 Articles which were divided into 22 parts and 8 schedules. Now, with 104 amendments till 25 January 2020, it has 470 Articles which are divided into 25 parts and 12 schedules.
The original Indian Constitution had 22 parts and 395 Articles and after amendments, currently, it contains 25 parts and 470 Articles.
To know about the 25 parts of the Indian Constitution, refer to the table below.
| Part | Subject | Articles Covered |
| Part I | The Union and its territory | 1 to 4 |
| Part II | Citizenship | 5 to 11 |
| Part III | Fundamental Rights | 12 to 35 |
| Part IV | Directive Principles | 36 to 51 |
| Part IV-A | Fundamental Duties | 51-A |
| Part V | The Union | 52 to 151 |
| Part VI | The States | 152 to 237 |
| Part VII | The States in Part B of the First Schedule (deleted) | 238 (deleted) |
| Part VIII | The Union Territories | 239 to 242 |
| Part IX | The Panchayats | 243 to 243-O |
| Part IX-A | The Municipalities | 243-P to 243-ZG |
| Part IX-B | Co-operative Societies | 243-ZH – 243-ZT |
| Part X | The Scheduled and Tribal Areas | 244 to 244-A |
| Part XI | Relations between the Union and the States | 245 to 263 |
| Part XII | Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits | 264 to 300-A |
| Part XIII | Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within the Territory of India | 301 to 307 |
| Part XIV | Services under the Union and the States | 308 to 323 |
| Part XIV-A | Tribunals | 323-A to 323-B |
| Part XV | Elections | 324 to 329-A |
| Part XVI | Special provisions relation to certain classes | 330 to 342 |
| Part XVII | Official Language | 343 to 351 |
| Part XVIII | Emergency Provisions | 352 to 360 |
| Part XIX | Miscellaneous | 361 to 367 |
| Part XX | Amendment of the Constitution | 368 |
| Part XXI | Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions | 369 to 392 |
| Part XXII | Short title, commencement, authoritative text in Hindi and repeals
| 393 to 395 |
Note
- In 1956, Part VII was deleted by the 7th Amendment Act.
- In 1976, Part IV-A and Part XIV-A was added by the 42nd Amendment Act.
- In 1992, Part IX-A was added by the 74th Amendment Act.
- In 2011, Part IX-B was added by the 97th Amendment Act.